Hello from fake-America!
Well, if North Virginia isn't "real" Virginia, than you can't get more "real" than Taxachusetts, which elected the first black senator since Reconstruction and had Republican governors between 1988 or so to 2006...And at least one of them was a centrist hated by Jesse Helms and the other one is the Antichrist aka Mitt Mormon Romney.
Anyway, I forgot about this. Sorry! There went the systems, eh? Well, how about two opposite ones?
Canada is basically Britain, where the upper house is filled with a hodgepodge of party toadies- that is, installed by the parties in power over the years without any formalities such as elections (since Canada has mostly been run by Liberals over the years, this means that Liberals control the Senate). In Britain the MPs and the population realized how stupid a House of Lords was back in the 1900s, when it was stripped of most of its powers. Nowadays it has lost more and more of its, ahem, charm (You can't inherit seats anymore, for instance, and it will be elcted- thus dragging Britain into the 19th century or so). Hopefully Canada will join every other country in the Western hemisphere at some point, but the fact that it's mostly unchanged since its founding in 1867 is a tad unnerving.
Never mind the fact that the "first past the poll" system has heavily favored the Quebec separatist party, the Bloc Quebecois, thus preventing any stable majority governements for years now. Perversely, the Reform party- then a Western conservative grouping- had ensured the Liberals majority governments from 1993-2004, but their merger seems to have made the Conservatives stronger. But all this has done is guarantee minority governments; 2004-8 has seen 3 unconclusive elections in four years. That's insane. Then again, this is pretty much our system, except the Speaker of the House is pretty much the dictator thanks to extreme party loyalty and the President is the Governor General and doesn't seem to do much.
Think: What if Cheney was speaker of the House and the Senate didn't exist? Anyone convinced of Cheney's power should understand now.
Israel? That makes Canada look excessively stable.
Israel has had a Proportional Representation system since its founding, and it mostly demonstrates the problems of PR. You see, it works on the idea that if a party gets at least 2% of the vote, it should be in government. In this way it's extremely fair and a two party system doesn't exist, but it also means that a lot of parties only get a few seats in the Knesset (out of 120 total), and a few parties still get out on top. In the last election, five parties got more than 10 seats; Kadima got the most at twenty nine seats, less than a fourth of all the seats available. This means that the parties have to horse trade a lot to get everyone on board. The new election in Israel is going on right now because the new leader of Kadima refused to increase handouts and keep Jerusalem undivided, which is what the shas party wants.
This also means that the Grand Coalitions of Germany are far more prevalent in Israel, since it's difficult only to reign with a big party and a few (er, maybe more than a few) religious groups with 2 or 3 seats each. How bad is this? Here's the government
Kadima (Centrist grouping founded to give Ariel Sharon a way to run without depending on anti-Palestinian land deal Likud)
Labour (once dominant and hoping to get the next election; still somewhat socialist)
Shas (a Sephardic religious grouping; supportive of synagogues and such, obviously.)
Yisraeli Beitenu ("Israel is our Home," it's a right wing secular grouping and once solely the voice of Russian Jewish immigrants. It's really rightwing and is similar to Likud on some issues. Given it's suspicion of religion, it's sort of ironic that it's in the same coalition as Shas)
Pensioners (a protest party for pensions, obviously)
Yeah, so there are ex-and not so ex-socialists, Ex-soviet Jewish right wingers, renegades who joined together in support of Ariel Sharon, Sephardic Rabbies, and for some weird reason pensioners. I might have missed a party or two too.
Is this, and can it be, stable? Heavens know Italy realized this was stupid a long time ago, having the FPP system from 1993-2006 and since 1993 reformed itself into a two coalition system. And, given American politics, this would be a stupid idea; if Israel- a country of 7 million people- has at least 10 parties with seats, then one can only imagine what would happen in a country with fifty states and 300 million people.
Let's just leave those two countries out of any electoral debate, okay?
Sunday, November 2, 2008
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